1. Kuwotcha zinthu
(1) Zitsulo zachitsulo ndi ma carbides omangidwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamkuwa, zinki zamkuwa ndi zitsulo zasiliva zamkuwa.Mkuwa woyengedwa bwino umakhala ndi kunyowa kwamitundu yonse yama carbides opangidwa ndi simenti, koma zotsatira zabwino zitha kupezeka powotcha mumlengalenga wochepetsa wa haidrojeni.Pa nthawi yomweyi, chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, kupanikizika kwa mgwirizano kumakhala kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizolowezi cha ng'anjo chiwonjezeke.Mphamvu yometa ubweya wa olowa ndi brazed ndi mkuwa woyera ndi pafupifupi 150MPa, ndipo pulasitiki olowa nawonso ndi apamwamba, koma si oyenera ntchito kutentha kwambiri.
Chitsulo cha Copper zinc filler ndiye chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zitsulo zazitsulo ndi ma carbides omangidwa.Pofuna kukonza wettability wa solder ndi mphamvu ya olowa, Mn, Ni, Fe ndi zinthu zina aloyi nthawi zambiri anawonjezera kwa solder.Mwachitsanzo, w (MN) 4% amawonjezedwa ku b-cu58znmn kuti mphamvu yometa ubweya wa simenti ya carbide brazed ifike 300 ~ 320MPa kutentha;Itha kukhalabe ndi 220 ~ 240mpa pa 320 ℃.Kuwonjezera pang'ono CO pa maziko a b-cu58znmn kungapangitse kukameta ubweya wa olowa brazed kufika 350Mpa, ndipo ali mkulu zimakhudza toughness ndi mphamvu kutopa, kwambiri kusintha moyo utumiki wa zida kudula ndi miyala pobowola zida.
Malo otsika osungunuka a siliva copper brazing filler zitsulo komanso kupsinjika kwakung'ono kwamafuta olumikizana ndi brazed ndikopindulitsa kuchepetsa chizolowezi chosweka cha simenti ya carbide pakuwotcha.Pofuna kukonza wettability wa solder ndi kusintha mphamvu ndi kutentha ntchito olowa, Mn, Ni ndi zinthu zina aloyi nthawi zambiri anawonjezera kuti solder.Mwachitsanzo, solder ya b-ag50cuzncdni imakhala yonyowa kwambiri pa simenti ya carbide, ndipo cholumikizira cha brazed chimakhala ndi zinthu zabwino zonse.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu itatu yomwe ili pamwambayi yazitsulo zodzaza ndi brazing, Mn based and Ni based brazing filler zitsulo, monga b-mn50nicucrco ndi b-ni75crsib, zitha kusankhidwa kuti zikhale ndi simenti ya carbide yomwe imagwira ntchito pamwamba pa 500 ℃ ndipo imafunikira mphamvu zolumikizana kwambiri.Pakuwotcha kwachitsulo chothamanga kwambiri, chitsulo chapadera cha brazing filler chokhala ndi kutentha kofanana ndi kutentha kozimitsa chiyenera kusankhidwa.Chitsulo chodzaza ichi chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: imodzi ndi chitsulo chamtundu wa ferromanganese, chomwe chimapangidwa makamaka ndi ferromanganese ndi borax.Kumeta ubweya wa olowa brazed zambiri pafupifupi 100MPa, koma olowa sachedwa ming'alu;Mtundu wina wa aloyi yapadera yamkuwa yomwe ili ndi Ni, Fe, Mn ndi Si sizovuta kutulutsa ming'alu muzitsulo zonyezimira, ndipo mphamvu yake yometa ubweya imatha kuwonjezeka mpaka 300mpa.
(2) Kusankhidwa kwa brazing flux ndi kuteteza gasi brazing flux ziyenera kufanana ndi zitsulo zoyambira ndi zitsulo zodzaza kuti ziwotchedwe.Pamene zitsulo zopangira zitsulo ndi simenti ya carbide, kutsekemera kwachitsulo komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka borax ndi boric acid, ndi ma fluoride (KF, NaF, CaF2, etc.) amawonjezeredwa.Fb301, fb302 ndi fb105 fluxes amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati solder yamkuwa ya zinc, ndipo fb101 ~ fb104 fluxes amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati solder yamkuwa yasiliva.Borax flux imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati chitsulo chapadera cha brazing filler chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangirira chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri.
Pofuna kupewa oxidation yachitsulo chachitsulo pakuwotcha kwamoto ndikupewa kuyeretsa pambuyo pakuwotcha, chitsulo chotetezedwa ndi gasi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito.Mpweya wotetezera ukhoza kukhala mpweya wochepa kapena mpweya wochepetsera, ndipo mame a gasiwo adzakhala otsika kuposa -40 ℃ simenti ya carbide ikhoza kutsekedwa pansi pa chitetezo cha haidrojeni, ndipo mame a hydrogen amafunika kukhala otsika kuposa -59. ℃.
2. Zipangizo zamakono
Chitsulo cha chidacho chiyenera kutsukidwa chisanayambe kutenthedwa, ndipo makina opangidwa ndi makina sakuyenera kukhala osalala kwambiri kuti athetse kunyowetsa ndi kufalikira kwa zipangizo ndi brazing flux.Pamwamba pa carbide yokhala ndi simenti pazikhala mchenga wowomberedwa musanawonjezeke, kapena kupukutidwa ndi silicon carbide kapena gudumu lopukutira diamondi kuti muchotse mpweya wochulukirapo pamwamba, kuti unyowetsidwe ndi zitsulo zodzaza ndi brazing panthawi yowotcha.Carbide ya simenti yokhala ndi titanium carbide ndiyovuta kunyowa.Copper okusayidi kapena nickel okusayidi phala ntchito pamwamba pake mwa njira yatsopano ndi kuphika mu mpweya kuchepetsa kupanga mkuwa kapena faifi tambala kusintha pamwamba, kuti kuonjezera wettability amphamvu solder.
Kuwotcha kwa chitsulo cha carbon chida kuyenera kuchitidwa kale kapena nthawi yomweyo monga kuzimitsa.Ngati brazing ikuchitika isanayambe kuzimitsa, kutentha kwa solidus kwa zitsulo zodzaza zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzakhala kwakukulu kuposa kutentha kwa kutentha, kotero kuti kuwotcherera kumakhalabe ndi mphamvu zokwanira pamene kutenthedwanso kutentha kozimitsa popanda kulephera.Pamene brazing ndi kuzimitsa zikuphatikizidwa, chitsulo chodzaza ndi kutentha kwa solidus pafupi ndi kutentha kozimitsa kumasankhidwa.
Aloyi chida zitsulo ali osiyanasiyana zigawo zikuluzikulu.Chitsulo choyenera cha brazing filler, njira yochizira kutentha ndi ukadaulo wophatikizira kuwotcha ndi njira yochizira kutentha ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa molingana ndi mtundu wachitsulo, kuti mupeze magwiridwe antchito abwino.
Kutentha kozimitsa kwachitsulo chothamanga kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwera kuposa kutentha kosungunuka kwa siliva wamkuwa ndi mkuwa wa zinc solder, kotero ndikofunikira kuzimitsa musanawombe ndikuwotcha pakatentha kapena pambuyo pake.Ngati kuzimitsa kumafunika pambuyo pakuwotcha, chitsulo chokhacho chapadera chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa chingagwiritsidwe ntchito powotcha.Mukawotcha zida zodulira zitsulo zothamanga kwambiri, ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ng'anjo ya coke.Chitsulo cha brazing chikasungunuka, chotsani chida chodulira ndikuchikanikiza nthawi yomweyo, tulutsani chitsulo chowonjezera cha brazing, kenako ndikuzimitsa mafuta, kenako kutenthetsa pa 550 ~ 570 ℃.
Mukawotcha tsamba la simenti la carbide ndi chida chachitsulo, njira yowonjezerera kusiyana kwa brazing ndikugwiritsa ntchito chiwongola dzanja cha pulasitiki mumpata wa brazing iyenera kutengedwa, ndipo kuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono kuyenera kuchitika mutatha kuwotcherera kuti muchepetse kupsinjika, kupewa ming'alu ndi ming'alu. kutalikitsa moyo wautumiki wa msonkhano wa zida za simenti wa carbide.
Pambuyo kuwotcherera CHIKWANGWANI, zotsalira flux pa kuwotcherera adzakhala kutsukidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena ambiri slag kuchotsa osakaniza, ndiyeno kuzifutsa ndi njira pickling yoyenera kuchotsa okusayidi filimu pa m'munsi chida ndodo.Komabe, samalani kuti musagwiritse ntchito njira ya nitric acid kuti mupewe dzimbiri zachitsulo chowotcha.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-13-2022