Nanga bwanji za zotsatira za kulowetsa ng'anjo ya vacuum brazing

Nanga bwanji za zotsatira za kulowetsa ng'anjo ya vacuum brazing

Njira yopangira chitsulo mu uvuni wa vacuum ndi njira yatsopano yopangira chitsulo popanda flux pansi pa vacuum. Chifukwa chitsulocho chili pamalo opanda vacuum, zotsatira zoyipa za mpweya pa workpiece zimatha kuchotsedwa bwino, kotero chitsulocho chikhoza kuchitika bwino popanda kugwiritsa ntchito flux. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa zitsulo zopangira chitsulo ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kupangira chitsulo, monga zitsulo zotayidwa, zitsulo zotayidwa za titaniyamu, zitsulo zotenthetsera kwambiri, zitsulo zotayidwa ndi zinthu zadothi. Cholumikizira chopangira chitsulocho ndi chowala komanso chopapatiza, chokhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zamakanika komanso chokana dzimbiri. Zipangizo zopangira chitsulo chotayidwa nthawi zambiri sizigwiritsidwa ntchito popangira singano zitsulo za kaboni ndi zitsulo zochepa.

Zipangizo zoyatsira moto mu uvuni wa vacuum zimapangidwa makamaka ndi uvuni wa vacuum brazing ndi makina oyeretsera mpweya. Pali mitundu iwiri ya uvuni wa vacuum brazing: Malo otentha a moto ndi malo ozizira a moto. Mitundu iwiri ya uvuni imatha kutenthedwa ndi gasi lachilengedwe kapena kutentha kwamagetsi, ndipo imatha kupangidwa kukhala ng'anjo yoyikidwa mbali, ng'anjo yoyikidwa pansi kapena ng'anjo yoyikidwa pamwamba (mtundu wa Kang). Dongosolo la vacuum lingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Dongosolo la vacuum limaphatikizapo makamaka vacuum unit, vacuum pipeline, vacuum valvu, ndi zina zotero. Vacuum unit nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi rotary vane mechanical pump ndi oil diffusion pump. Pampu ya makina yokha imatha kufika pa 1.35 × Vacuum degree ya 10-1pa level. Kuti pakhale vacuum yambiri, pampu ya mafuta iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Panthawiyi, imatha kufika pa 1.35 × Vacuum degree ya 10-4Pa level. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu dongosolo kumayesedwa ndi vacuum gauge.

Kuphimba mu uvuni wa vacuum ndiko kuphimba mu uvuni kapena chipinda chopangira chitsulo chotulutsa mpweya. Ndikoyenera makamaka kuphimba malo akuluakulu komanso opitilira, komanso koyenera kulumikiza zitsulo zapadera, kuphatikizapo titaniyamu, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum ndi tantalum. Kuli ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, kuphimba mu vacuum kulinso ndi zovuta izi:

① Chitsulocho n'chosavuta kuchisintha chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi vacuum, kotero sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito vacuum brazing pa chitsulo choyambira ndi chitsulo chodzaza zinthu zofooka. Ngati kuli kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito, njira zovuta zofananira ziyenera kutsatiridwa.

② Kuphimba kwa vacuum kumakhudzidwa ndi kuuma kwa pamwamba, ubwino wa msonkhano ndi kulekerera kwa ziwalo zophimba, ndipo kumafuna malo ogwirira ntchito ndi ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba kwambiri.

③ Zipangizo zotsukira mpweya ndi zovuta, zomwe zimayikidwa kamodzi kokha komanso zimakhala ndi ndalama zambiri zokonzera.

Ndiye, kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji njira yopangira brazing mu uvuni wa vacuum? Pamene brazing ikuchitika mu uvuni wa vacuum, weldment yomwe iyenera kulumikizidwa iyenera kulowetsedwa mu uvuni (kapena mu chotengera cha brazing), chitseko cha ng'anjo chiyenera kutsekedwa (kapena chivundikiro cha chotengera cha brazing chiyenera kutsekedwa), ndikutsukidwa musanatenthe. Yambani kaye pampu yamakina, tembenuzani valavu yoyendetsera vacuum digiri ya 1.35pa, tsekani njira yolunjika pakati pa pampu yamakina ndi ng'anjo ya brazing, pangani payipi yolumikizidwa ndi ng'anjo ya brazing kudzera mu pampu yofalitsa, dalirani pampu yamakina ndi pampu yofalitsa kuti igwire ntchito mkati mwa nthawi yochepa, pompani ng'anjo ya brazing kufika pa digiri yofunikira ya vacuum, kenako yambani mphamvu yotenthetsera.

Pa nthawi yonse yokwera ndi kutentha, chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya chiyenera kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kuti chisunge mpweya mu ng'anjo, kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa mpweya pamalo osiyanasiyana a makina oyeretsera mpweya ndi ng'anjo yoyeretsera mpweya, kumasula mpweya ndi nthunzi zomwe zimamatira pakhoma la ng'anjo, chogwirira ndi chosungunula mpweya, kusinthasintha kwa chitsulo ndi oxide, ndi zina zotero, kuti mpweya weniweni uchepe. Pali mitundu iwiri ya choyeretsera mpweya: choyeretsera mpweya chambiri ndi choyeretsera mpweya chapakati (choyeretsera mpweya chapakati). Choyeretsera mpweya chambiri ndi choyenera kwambiri poyeretsera chitsulo chapansi chomwe oxide yake ndi yovuta kuiwononga (monga nickel base superalloy). Choyeretsera mpweya chapang'ono chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zomwe chitsulo chapansi kapena chitsulo chodzaza chimasinthasintha pansi pa kutentha kwa choyeretsera komanso mikhalidwe ya choyeretsera mpweya chambiri.

Ngati pakufunika kusamala kwambiri kuti pakhale kuyera kwambiri, njira yoyeretsera vacuum iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito musanagwiritse ntchito hydrogen brazing youma. Mofananamo, kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen youma kapena njira yoyeretsera mpweya wopanda mpweya musanagwiritse ntchito vacuum cleaner kumathandiza kupeza zotsatira zabwino mu hydrogen brazing yochuluka.