Nanga bwanji kuwotcherera kwa vacuum brazing ng'anjo

Nanga bwanji kuwotcherera kwa vacuum brazing ng'anjo

Njira yowotcha mu ng'anjo ya vacuum ndi njira yatsopano yowotchera popanda kusuntha pansi pa vacuum. Chifukwa chowotchacho chimakhala pamalo opanda zingwe, kuwonongeka kwa mpweya pamalo ogwirira ntchito kumatha kuthetsedwa bwino, kotero kuti brazing imatha kuchitidwa bwino popanda kugwiritsa ntchito flux. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangira zitsulo ndi ma alloys omwe ndi ovuta kulimba, monga ma aluminiyamu, ma aloyi a titaniyamu, ma alloys otentha kwambiri, ma alloys a refractory ndi zoumba. Mgwirizano wa brazed ndi wowala komanso wophatikizika, wokhala ndi zida zabwino zamakina komanso kukana dzimbiri. Zida zopangira vacuum nthawi zambiri sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera singano zachitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chochepa cha alloy.

Zida zopangira ng'anjo ya vacuum zimapangidwa makamaka ndi ng'anjo ya vacuum brazing ndi vacuum system. Pali mitundu iwiri ya ng'anjo za vacuum brazing: poyatsira moto ndi poyatsira moto wozizira. Mitundu iwiri ya ng'anjo imatha kutenthedwa ndi gasi kapena kutentha kwamagetsi, ndipo imatha kupangidwa kukhala ng'anjo yam'mbali, ng'anjo yokwera pansi kapena ng'anjo yokwera pamwamba (mtundu wa Kang). Vacuum system ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ponseponse.

Vuyumu nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi vacuum unit, vacuum valve, vacuum valve, ndi zina zambiri. Vacuum vacuum nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi pampu yolumikizira mafuta komanso pampu yolumikizira mafuta. Pampu yamakina yokha imatha kupeza zochepa kuposa 1.35 × Vacuum degree ya 10-1pa level. Kuti mupeze vacuum yayikulu, pampu yotulutsa mafuta iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Panthawiyi, imatha kufika 1.35 × Vacuum degree ya 10-4Pa level. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu dongosolo kumayesedwa ndi vacuum gauge.

Kuwotcha mu ng'anjo yopanda kanthu ndikuwotcha mu ng'anjo kapena chipinda chowotcha ndi mpweya wotengedwa. Ndikoyenera kwambiri kulumikiza mafupa akuluakulu komanso osalekeza, komanso oyenera kulumikiza zitsulo zina zapadera, kuphatikizapo titaniyamu, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum ndi tantalum. Iwo ali osiyanasiyana ntchito. Komabe, vacuum brazing ilinso ndi zovuta izi:

① Chitsulochi ndichosavuta kusungunuka pansi pa vacuum, chifukwa chake sizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito vacuum brazing pazitsulo zoyambira ndi zitsulo zodzaza ndi zinthu zosakhazikika. Ngati kuli kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito, njira zofananira zovuta zimatengedwa.

② Vacuum brazing imakhudzidwa ndi kuuma kwapamwamba, mtundu wa msonkhano komanso kulolerana koyenera kwa magawo olimba, ndipo imafunikira malo ogwirira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito.

③ Zipangizo za vacuum ndizovuta, zokhala ndi ndalama zambiri nthawi imodzi komanso ndalama zambiri zokonzekera.

Ndiye, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito brazing mu ng'anjo ya vacuum? Kuwotchera kukachitika mu ng'anjo yowumitsa, chowotcherera chomwe chimayenera kutenthedwa chimayikidwa mu ng'anjo (kapena m'chotengera chamoto), chitseko cha ng'anjo chidzatsekedwa (kapena chivundikiro cha chotengera chamoto chidzatsekedwa), ndikutsukidwa musanatenthedwe. Yambani mpope wamakina kaye, tembenuzirani chiwongolero chikafika 1.35pa, kutseka njira yachindunji pakati pa mpope wamakina ndi ng'anjo yoyaka moto, pangani payipi yolumikizidwa ndi ng'anjo yoyaka moto kudzera papampu yolumikizira, kudalira pampu yamakina ndi mpope wothirira kuti ugwire ntchito pakanthawi kochepa, ikani ng'anjo yoyaka moto mpaka ng'anjo yoyaka moto, ndiyeno yambitsani kutentha kwa digiri.

Pa ndondomeko yonse ya kutentha kukwera ndi Kutentha, ndi zingalowe wagawo adzapitiriza ntchito kukhalabe zingalowe digiri mu ng'anjo, kuthetsa mpweya kutayikira pa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana vacuum dongosolo ndi ng'anjo, kumasulidwa kwa mpweya ndi nthunzi adsorbed pa ng'anjo khoma, fixture ndi kuwotcherera, volatilization wa zitsulo, asoksidi woona, etc. Pali mitundu iwiri ya vacuum brazing: high vacuum brazing ndi vacuum pang'ono (zapakati vacuum) brazing. High vacuum brazing ndi yoyenera kwambiri pakuwotcha chitsulo choyambira chomwe oxide ndizovuta kuwonongeka (monga nickel base superalloy). Kutsekera pang'ono kwa vacuum kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe zitsulo zoyambira kapena zitsulo zodzaza zimasungunuka pansi pa kutentha kwamphamvu komanso mpweya wambiri.

Pamene njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti ndizoyera kwambiri, njira yoyeretsera vacuum iyenera kutsatiridwa musanawume hydrogen brazing. Momwemonso, kugwiritsa ntchito njira youma ya haidrojeni kapena yoyeretsa gasi musanayambe kutsuka zimathandizira kupeza zotsatira zabwino pakuwotcha kwa vacuum.